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| Strawberry -- Nematode (Dagger) |
| See Also: Strawberry -- Virus Diseases
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| Cause:
Xiphinema americanum and related species are vectors of Tomato ringspot virus. Dagger nematodes are migratory ectoparasites found only in soil. As virus vectors, they can be damaging at very low population levels. Dagger nematode populations may be very low in late summer when other nematodes are abundant.
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| Symptoms:
In the absence of the virus, the nematodes may cause sunken reddish brown lesions on roots. Feeding can reduce the root system, which can stunt growth and reduce runner production. |
| Sampling:
Best sampling time for dagger nematodes in raspberry
is December to April and probably is the same for strawberry.
If planting strawberries, take samples in this period to increase
the probability of detecting any dagger nematodes present.
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Cultural
control: - Use certified planting stock.
- Plant on soil tested and found free of dagger nematodes.
- In areas with dagger nematodes, consider planting tolerant or resistant cultivars such as 'Northwest'.
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Chemical
control: - Preplant soil fumigation is best for controlling this nematode. Apply in fall for planting the next spring.
- Basamid G. Avoid application when soil is over 90 F. Do not apply within 3 to 4 feet of growing plants. Do not harvest within one year of application. 24-hr reentry plus ventilation.
- Methyl bromide + chloropicrin (33 to 55%) under polyethylene film. See label for rates. Restricted-use pesticide.
- Telone II at 24 to 36 gal/A broadcast on mineral soils. Restricted-use pesticide. Allow 2 to 3 weeks between treating and planting or until odor leaves the soil. Do not treat extremely heavy soils. 5-day reentry.
- Telone C-17 at 27 to 41 gal/A broadcast on mineral
soils. Wait 2 to 3 weeks after applying to plant, or until
odor leaves the soil. Do not treat extremely heavy soils.
5-day reentry. Restricted-use pesticide.
- Vapam (32.7% metam sodium) at 50 to 100 gal/A.
Immediately roll the soil and follow up with tarps or a
light watering. May use through an irrigation system.
48-hr reentry and/or while tarps are being removed.
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| Content edited by:
Jay W. Pscheidt on
January 1, 2009 |
